History of Muslims States

1601 Khandesh annexed by the Mughals.

1603 Battle of Urmiyah. Turks suffer defeat. Persia occupies Tabriz, Mesopotamia. Mosul and Diyarbekr. Death of Muhammad III, Sultan of Turkey, accession of Ahmad I. In Morocco al Shaikh died.

1604 In Indonesia death of Alauddin Rayat Shah, Sultan of Acheh, accession of Ali Rayat Shah III.

1605 Death of the Mughal emperor Akbar; accession of Jahangir.

1607 Annexation of Ahmadnagar by the Mughals.

1609 Annexation of Bidar by the Mughals

1611 Kuch Behar subjugated by the Mughals.

1612 Kamrup annexed by the Mughals.

1617 Death of Ahmad I, Sultan of Turkey, accession of Mustafa; Deposition of Mustafa: accession of Usman II.

1618 Tipperah annexed by the Mughals.: '

1620 In Turkey deposition of Mustafa, accession of Usman II.

1623 In Turkey Mustafa recaptured power.

1625 In Turkey deposition of Mustafa, accession of Murad IV.

1627 Death of the Mughal emperor Jahangir, accession of Shah Jahan.

1628 Reign of Safavid Sultan Shah Abbas I comes to an end.

1629 In Persia death of Shah Abbas; accession of grandson Safi.

1631 Death of Mumtaz Mahal, wife of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan and the lady of Taj Mahal , Agra.

1637 Death of Iskandar Muda in Indonesia; accession of Iskandar II.

1640 Death of Usman Sultan Murad IV. accession of his brother Ibrahim.

1641 Turks capture Azov. In Indonesia death of Iskandar II; accession of the Queen Tajul Alam.

1642 In Persia death of Shah Safi, accession of Shah Abbas II.

1648 In Turkey Ibrahim deposed; accession of Muhammad IV.

1656 Muhammad Kuiprilli becomes the Grand Minister in Turkey.

1658 Deposition of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan, accession of Aurangzeb.

1661 Death of Muhammad Kuiprilli, accession of his son Ahmad Kuiprilli.

1667 Death of Shah Abbas II; accession of Shah Sulaiman.

1675 Execution of the Sikh Guru Tegh Bahadur. In Indonesia death of the queen Tajul Alam, accession of the queen Nur ul Alam.

1676 Death of the Grand Wazir of Turkey Ahmad Kuiprilli, succession by Kara Mustafa.

1678 In Indonesia death of the queen Nur ul Alam, accession of the queen Inayat Zakia.

1680 Death of Marhatta chieftain Shivaji.

1682 Assam annexed by the Mughals. Aurangzeb shifts the capital to Aurangabad in the Deccan.

1683 The Turks lift the siege of Vienna and retreat. Kara Mustafa the Grand Wazir executed for the failure of the expedition (journey or voyage for a particular purpose).

1686 Annexation of Bijapur by the Mughals.

1687 Golkunda annexed by the Mughals. Second battle of Mohads. Defeat of the Turks by Austria. Deposition of Muhammad IV. Accession of Sulaiman II.

1688 In Indonesia death of queen Inayat Zakia, accession of the queen Kamalah.

1690 Death of the Ottoman Sultan Sulaiman II, accession of Ahmad II.

1692 Death of the Turk Sultan Ahmad II, accession of Mustafa II.

1694 In Persia death of Shah Safi, accession of Shah Hussain.

1699 In Indonesia death of Queen Kamalah.
1700 Murshid Quli Khan declares the independence of Bengal and establishes his capital at Murshidabad.

1703 Ahmad 11I becomes the Ottoman Sultan. Birth of Shah Wali Ullah. Birth of the religious reformer (deformer) Muhammad bin Abdul Wahab ( äÌÏì æåÇÈì ãÐåÈ ßÇ ÈÇäì æ ãæÌÏ).

1707 Death of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, accession of his son Bahadur Shah.

1711 War between Turkey and Russia. Russia defeated at the battle of Pruth.

1712 Death of the Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah, accession of Jahandar Shah.

1713 Jahandar Shah overthrown by his nephew Farrukh Siyar.

1718 In the war against Austria, Turkey suffers defeat. By the treaty of Passarowich Turkey loses Hungary.

1719 Deposition of the Mughal emperor Farrukh Siyar Muhammad Shah ascends the throne. In Sind the Kalhoras came to power under Nur Muhammad Kalhora.

1722 Saadat Khan found the independent state of Oudh. Battle of Gulnabad between the Afghans and the Persians. The Persians were defeated and the Afghans under Shah Mahmud became the masters of a greater part of Persia. Shah Hussain taken captive, accession of Shah Tahmasp II.

1730 Zanzibar freed from Portugese rule and occupied by Oreart.

1747 Ahmad Shah Durrani established Afghan rule in Afghanistan.

1752 Death of Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai, wri
ter of Sassi Pannu, Sohni Mahinwal and Umer Marvo.

1752 Ahmed Shah Durrani captured Punjab, Kashmir and Sind.

1761 Death of Shah Wali Ullah Dehlavi.

1761 Battle of Panipat. Ahmad Shah Durrani came to India at the invitation of Shah Wali Ullah Dehlavi and smashed rising Maratha power in the battle of Panipat.

1764 Conversion to Islam of Areadi Gaya. ruler of Futa Bandu State in West Sudan.

1773 Death of Ahmad Shah Durrani.

1783 End of Kalhora rule in Sind.

1797 Death of Muhammad Khan Qachar, king of Persia.

1797 Russia occupied Daghestan.

1799 Ranjit Singh declared himself Maharajah of Punjab defeating Afghans.

1799 Khoqand declared independent Islamic State.
1803 Shah Abdul Aziz ibn Saud assassinated by a Shia fanatic. Shah Shuja proclaimed as King of Afghanistan.

1805 Ibn Saud captured Madina defeating the Turk garrison.

1804 Usman Dan Fodio established Islamic State of Sokoto in Central Sudan.

1805 Faraizi movement launched in Bengal. Muhammad Ali appointed Pasha of Egypt by the Turks.

1806 Khanate of Khiva came into limelight under the rule of Muhammad Rahim Khan.

1807 Darqawi sect revolted against Turkish domination. Tunisia repudiated suzerainty of Algeria.

1811 Birth of Ali Muhammad Bab founder of Bab movement.

1811 British occupied Indonesia.

1812 Madina fell to Egyptians.

1813 Makkah and Taif captured by Egyptian forces and Saudis expelled from Hijaz.

1814 Iran executed treaty of alliance with the British known as Definitive Treaty.

1814 Death of Ibn Saud II.

1814 King Usman of Tunisia assassinated by his cousin Mahmud.

1816 British withdrew from Indonesia restoring it to the Dutch.

1822 Death of Maulay Ismail in Morocco.

1827 Malaya became a preserve of the British according to Anglo- Netherland treaty in 1824.

1828 Russia declared war against Turkey.

1829 Treaty of Adrianople.

1830 French forces landed near Algiers and occupied Algeria ending 313 years rule of Turks .

1831 Syed Ahmad Barelvi and Shah Ismail leaders of Jihad movement in India fell fighting the Sikhs in Balakot .

1832 Turks defeated in the battle of Konia by Egyptian forces.

1832 Sayyid Said, King of Oman, shifted his capital to Zanzibar.

1834 Abdul Qadir recognised as ruler of the area under his control by the French.

1839 Defeat of Turkey by the Egyptians in the battle of Nisibin.

1840 Quadruple Alliance by the European powers to force Egypt to relinquish Syria.

1840 British frees occupied Aden.

1841 State of Adamawa established by Adams adjacent to Nigeria.

1842 Amir Abdul Qadir, ousted from Algeria by the French. crossed over to Morocco.

1842 Shah Shuja assassinated ending the Durrani rule in Afghanistan.

1847 Amir Abdul Qadir surrendered to France under the condition of safe conduct to a Muslim country of his choice but France violated its pledge and sent him as a captive to France.

1849 Death of Muhammad Ali pasha.

1850 Ali Muhammad Bab arrested and executed by Iranian government. Qurratul Ain Tabira, a renowned poetess and staunch advocate of Babism also shot dead.

1852 Release of Amir Abdul Qadir by Napoleon III. He settled in Turkey.

1855 Khiva annexed by Russia.

1857 British captured Delhi and eliminated Mughal rule in India after 332 years. Last Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar was exiled to Rangoon in Burma. This was also the end of 1000 years of Muslim rule over India.

1859 Imam Shamil laid down arms before Russian forces and the Islamic State of Daghestan became a Russian province.

1860 Maulay Muhammad defeated by Spain.

1861 Death of Sultan Abdul-Majid of Turkey.

1862 Faraizi movement fizzled out after the death of Dadu Miyan..

1865 Khoqand State liquidated by Russia.

1869 Jamaluddin Afghani exiled from Afghanistan. He proceeded to Egypt.

1871 Tunisia recognised suzerainty of Turkey through a Firman.

1876 Britain purchased shares of Khediv Ismail in the Suez canal and got involved in Egyptian affairs.

1878 Turkey handed over Cyprus to Britain.

1878 Adrianople fell to Russia.

1879 Jamaluddin Afghani exiled from Egypt.

1879 Treaty of Berlin. Turkey lost 4/5Th of its territory in Europe .

1881 France invaded Tunisia and the Bey acknowledged supremacy of France as a result of the treaty of Bardo.

1881 Muhammad Ahmad declared himself Mahdi in northern Sudan.

1882 Egypt came under British military occupation.

1883 Death of Amir Abdul Qadir in Damascus.

1885 Muhammad Ahmad declared free Government of Sudan under his rule.

1885 Death of Mahdi Sudani five months after the occupation of Khartum.

1890 End of Banbara State.

1895 Afghanistan got Wakhan corridor by an understanding with Russia and British India making Afghan border touch China.

1895 Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian claimed prophet hood.

1897 State of Bagirimi occupied by the French,

1899 Fall of Mahdi State occupied by the British and the Egyptians jointly.

15) 20th century

1901 Ibn Saud (Abd al-Aziz) captures Riyadh.

1901 French forces occupy Morocco.

1904 Morocco becomes a French protectorate under the Conference of Algeciras.

1904 The Persian constitution is promoted.

1905 The beginning of the Salafiyyah movement in Paris with it's main sphere of influence in Egypt.

1907 The beginning of the Young Turks movement in Turkey.

1912 The beginning of the Muhammadiyyah reform movement in Indonesia.

1914 Under Ottoman rule, secret Arab nationalist societies are formed.

1914 World War I.

1916 Arab revolt against Ottoman (Turkish) rule. Lawrence of Arabia leads attacks on the Hijaz Railway.

1918 Armistice signed with Ottomans on October 30.

1918 World War I ends on November 11.

1918 Syria and Damascus become a French protectorate.

1921 Abd Allah bin Husayn in made King of Transjordan. His father was the Sharif of Mecca.

1921 Faysal bin Husayn is made King of Iraq. His father was the Shareef of Mecca.

1921 Abd al-Karim leads a revolt against colonial rule in Moroccan Rif, and declares the "Republic of the Rif ".

1922 Mustafa Kamal abolishes the Turkish Sultanate.

1924 The Turkish Caliphate is abolished.

1924 King Abd al-Aziz conquers Mecca and Medina, which leads to the unification of the Kingdoms of Najd and Hijaz.

1925 Reza Khan seizes the government in Persia and establishes the Pahlavi dynasty.

1926 Abd al-Aziz (Ibn Saud) assumes title of King of Najd and Hijaz.

1927 Death of Zaghlul, an Egyptian nationalist leader.

1928 Turkey is declared a secular state.

1928 Hasan al-Banna founds the Muslim Brotherhood.

1932 Iraq granted independence by League of Nations.

1934 War between King Abd al-Aziz and Imam Yahya of the Yemen.

1934 Peace treaty of Ta'if.

1934 Asir becomes part of Saudi Arabia.

1935 Iran becomes the official name of Persia.

1936 Increased Jewish immigration provokes widespread Arab-Jewish fighting in Palestine.

1939 World War II.

1941 British and Russian forces invade Iran and Reza Shah is forced to abdicate in favor of his son Mohammad Reza Shah in Iran.

1943 Beginning of Zionist terrorist campaign in Palestine.

1945 End of World War II. Nuclear Blast.

1946 Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria are granted independence from Britain and France.

1947 Creation of Pakistan from Muslim Majority area in India on Aug 14.

1948 Creation of state of Israel. Arab armies suffer defeat in war with Israel.

1949 Hasan al-Banna, leader of the Muslim Brotherhood, is assassinated.

1951 Libya becomes independent.

1952 King Farooq of Egypt forced to abdicate.

1953 General Zahedi leads coup against Musaddeq, Shah returns to power.

1953 Death of King Abd al-Aziz (Ibn Saud) of Saudi Arabia.

1953 The foundation stone is laid to enlarge the Prophet's mosque in Medina.

1956 Morocco becomes independent.

1956 Tunisia becomes independent.

1957 The Bey of Tunisia is deposed, and Bourguiba becomes president.

1957 Enlargement of the Haram in Mecca begins.

1962 Algeria becomes independent.

1962 Death of Zaidi Imam of Yemen (Ahmad). Crown Prince Bahr succeeds him and takes the title Imam Mansur Bi-Llah Muhammad.

1965 Malcolm X is assassinated.

1968 The enlargement of the Haram in Mecca is completed.

1969 King Idris of Libya is ousted by a coup led by Colonel Qadhdhafi. Birth of Syed Muhammad Saleem Qadri Naqshbandi (SFC, Karachi, Pakistan). American scientists claimed to reach on the surface of the moon.

1973 King Zahir Shah of Afghanistan is overthrown.

1975 Death of Elijah Mohammad, leader of Nation of Islam among African Americans in North America.

1975 Wallace Warith Deen Mohammad assumes leadership of Nation of Islam and shifts movement toward Islamic Orthodoxy renaming it American Muslim Mission.

1978 Imam Musa Sadr is apparently assassinated after he disappears on a trip to Libya. He was the religious leader of the Lebanese Twelve-Imam Shiites. He promoted the resurgence of Shiites in Lebanon and set the foundation of Amal.

1979 The Shah leaves Iran on January 15, thus bringing the Pahlavi dynasty to an end.

1979 On 1 Muharram AH 1400/21 November, the first day of the 15th Islamic century, fanatics led by students of the Theological University of Medina attempt to promote one of their group as Mahdi and thus fulfill a certain prophetic Hadith: "A man of the people of Medina will go forth, fleeing to Mecca, and certain of the people of Mecca will come to him and will lead him forth against his will and swear fealty to him between the rukn (Black Stone corner of the Kabah) and the Maqam Ibrahim." They hold the Haram of Mecca against the army for two weeks. Sixty-three of the 300 fanatics are captured alive, the mosque is recovered, and the conspirators are all put to death.

1980 Beginning of the Iran-Iraq war.

1989 Iran-Iraq comes to an end with much loss of life.

1990 Military annexation of Kuwait by Iraq, under Ba'athist leader Saddam Hussain, is reversed in 1991 by a coalition of United States-led forces.