General knowledge about Famous Battles

World Famous Battles

Battle of Marathon

490 BC
Athenians and Persians. King Darius of Persia defeated.

Battle of Thermopylae

480 BC
Spartans led by Leonidas and Persians led by Xerexes. Greeks defeated.

Battle of Salamis

480 BC
Athenian fleet and Persian fleet in bay of Salamis; Persian fleet defeated.

Battle of Platae

479 BC
Greek and Persians forces defeated.

Battle of Mycale

479 BC
Greek and Persian fleets; Persian fleet defeated.

Spartan War I (Peloponesian War)

459 BC
Sparta and Athens, lasted for 30 years.

Spartan War II

431 BC-421
Sparta and Athens; Spartans victorious.

Battle of Arabia

331 BC
Greek and Persian forces; Greeks victorious.

Battle of Magnesia

190 BC
Syrian and Roman forces; Syrian forces defeated (North-west Lydia).

Battle of Pharasalus

48 AD
Caesar defeated Pompey.

Battle of Hastings

1066
William, the Duck of Normandy defeated Harold, the king of England. England came under the control of Normans.

Hundred- year War

1338- 
1453
Fought between France and England . 
The cause of the war was the succession was claimed to the throne of France which was claimed by Edward III of England. The war was resume by Henry V and was brought to an end by the Heroism of Joan of Arc – ‘A country girl who overthrew the power of England ‘. John of Arc was burnt alive at the stakes in 1431.

War of the Roses

1455- 
1485
Civil War in England; The Cause of the 
War was a struggle for the throne o England between the two royal houses of Lancaster and York.

Anglo-Spanish War 

(Spanish armada War)
1588
Spanish and England fleets fought in the England Channel; The English fleet under lord Howard Defeated of the Spanish Armada.

Battle of
Gibraltar Way

1607
The Dutch defeated the Spanish and Portuguese.

Thirty-year War

1618- 
1648
Stated as religious-cum-political war 
Between the Lutherans and Catholics in
Germany and developed into an international war.

Civil War in England

1642- 
1649
Between Cavaliers (King Charles I supporters)and forces of Parliament led by Oliver Cromwell, king Charles I executed .

Battle of Blenheim

1704
England and Austria headed by Marlborough defended France and Russia.

War of Austrian
Succession

1740- 
1748
Queen of Austria, Maria Theresa 
(daughter of Charles VII ) was Challenged by king Frederick II of Prussia. England Supported the Queen and Frederick II was helped by France. Ended with a Treaty Which recognized the Queen’s right to the throne after the death of king Frederick.

Seven -Year War 

(Anglo-French War III)
1756- 
1763
Britain and France against Austria and 
Prussia; the British alliance won.

Battle of the Nile

1798
British and French fleets, Britain victorious.

Battle of Trafolgar

1805
British fleet defeated fleets of France and Spain. British fleets were commanded by Admiral Nelson, who was killed during the Battle.

Battle of Austerliz

1805
Britain , Austria ,Russia and Prussia .On side and France on the other. Napoleon (France) defeated Austria and Russia.

Battle of Borodino

1812
Between France and Russia. Napolean invaded Russia at Borodino, and nearly defeated the Russians. However on reaching Moscow, his army suffered heavy losses and was forced to retreat. Napolean’s ill-fated attack on Russia market the beginning of the downfall of the French Empire.

Battle of Leipzing

1813
Germany and combined force of Austria, Prussia and Russia, Defeated Napolean.

Battle of Waterloo

1815
British forces and by Duke of Wellington (sir Arthur Wellesly) defeated French forces led by Napolean. Napolean was Captured and exiled to St. Helena where he died in 1821.

First Opium War

1840
China and Britain; Chinese yielded opium. It was a trade war.

Crimean War

1854- 
1856
The Combined forces of the British, 
French and Turks defeated Russia.

American Civil War

1861- 
1865
Northern states of America under 
Abraham Lincon defeated the Southern states and abolished the slavery.

Sino- Japanese War

1894- 
1895
Japan Defeated China and occupied 
Formosa and Korea.

Battle of Omdurman

1898
The British and Egyptian forces defeated 
The forces of Khalifa (Mehdits).

Bear War

1899- 
1901
The revolt of Transvaal Boers was 
Suppressed by the British forces. Boers belonged to Dutch Protestant stock who opposed Britishers because of abolition of slavery by Britain.

Russo- Japanese War 

(Battle of Port Arthur& Battle of Yalu)
1904- 
1905
Russia and Japan in the sea of Japan. 
Russia defeated; It led the wave of the idea of Asian Resurgence.

Balkan War I

1912
Turkey and Balkan countries (Montenegro, Serbia, Bulgaria and Greece), Turkey defeated.

Balkan War II

1913
Invasion of Serbia and Greece by Bulgaria. Bulgaria was Defeated by Combined forces of Serbia, Greece. Rumania, Montengro who stripped Turkey of most of its European territories.

world War I

1914- 
1918
Central Power (Germany and its allies) 
Against the Allied Power (Britain and its allies); Central power were deeated. Famous Battles : (1). First battle of Marne (1914)- France defeated Germany.
(2). Battle o Jutland(1916)- Naval battle between England and Germany. England defeated Germany. (3). Battle of Verdun (1916)- Fought between France & Germany . (4). Second battle of Marne(1918) – France defeated Germany.

World War II

1939- 
1945
Axis Powers (Germany and its allies) 
Against the Allied Power (Britain and its allies); Axis Power were defeated. Famous Battle: Battle of EI Alamein (1942)-The Allies victory during the World War II and retreat of General Rommel’s forces